“amendment”一词的两种主要意思

Amendment一词有两个主要意思: 一是(宪法、制定法等的)修正案或补充条款,二是(宪法、制定法等的)修订(程序)

例1:The Constitution of United States outlines the duties and powers of various elements of government. It also guarantees basic rights to citizens. There are 27 amendments to the Federal Constitution.

译:《美国宪法》规定政府各个部门的职责与权力。它同时保证公民的基本权利。联邦宪法共有27个修正案

例2: The criminal law amendments abolished the crime of “counter-revolutionary” activity.

译:刑法的修正条款废除了“反革命”活动罪。

例3In 1967 the U. S. Supreme Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed the right to a jury in state criminal trials.

译:美国最高法院于1967年认定,第14条修正案保证州刑事审判中获得陪审团的权利。

:美国大多数州在很多类型的民事案件中都保留了陪审团审判。在英国,只有在社会态度特别重要的少数民事案件中(例如诽谤和欺诈)才采用陪审团审判。

例4:The classic expressions of natural rights are the English Bill of Rights (1689), the American Declaration of Independence (1776), the French Declaration of the rights of man and the Citizen (1789), the first 10 amendments to the Constitution of the United States (known as the Bill of Rights, 1791), and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United States (1948).

译:关于自然权利的经典表述有:1689年英国的《权利法案》、1776年美国的《独立宣言》、1789年法国的《人权与公民权利宣言》、《美国宪法》的前10条修正案(即1791年的《权利法案》)以及1948年的《联合国世界人权宣言》。

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